As for the duration of the process, the Marriage Dignitas, the latest education on the causes of nullity of marriage, provides much less time (one year and six months, art.72 AD), however – given the backlog of various courts – it must be  honestly said that it takes time before such an expectation can be fulfilled. In real cases, a cause of nullity of marriage, which is particular difficulty, can be completed in about two years – even two and a half years. In this time the cause of invalidity passes through two sets of proceedings. The cause of nullity is a real trial in which it is explored whether or not the  marriage was at all valid, which must be enquired through the hearing of parties and witnesses, and – in specific cases – including expert reports, as we said in the introduction. Thus, this is a procedure quite different from a simple case of consensual separation or divorce, where the Court takes note of the civil common determination to dissolve the marriage.

It is therefore ungenerous, and fundamentally incorrect, to blame the slow pace of ecclesiastical justice.